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Regio V - Semita dei Cippi
(Path of the Cippi)

Two stone cippi gave the modern name to one street in Ostia, the road leading from the Laurentine Gate to the intersection of Via dei Molini and the Decumanus: Semita dei Cippi. In Latin a semita is a a narrow way, a path. These low cippi are found to the northeast of the House of the Gorgons (I,XIII,6), on the east side of the road. They are probably older than the Hadrianic period. The southern one is badly damaged, but seems to record the same as the northern one (h. 0.58; w. 0.48; d. 0.14), which is a few metres away and has the inscription:

HAEC
SEMITA HOR
P       R       I
EST

The inscription has been interpreted, with some hesitation, as Haec Semita Hor(reorum) p(---) r(---) i(---) / pri(---) est, "This is the path of the warehouse". Horrea is certainly a sensible explanation for hor. There are no parallels for P R I. The letters are far apart and can therefore not be the beginning of one word (pri(---)). They must be an abbreviation of three words, perhaps p(rincipium) r(egionis) I or p(rimae) r(egionis) i(nitium), "beginning of region I". An inscription from the third century AD informs us that Decimus Flavius Florus Veranus was sodalis corporis V regionum/is coloniae Ostiensis, a member of the guild of the five Ostian regions or the fifth Ostian region. P(opuli) R(omani) i(ussu) (or i(uris)), "by order of the Roman people", has also been suggested, but it is not immediately clear what the involvement of the people of the city of Rome could have been.

Was "Path of the Warehouse" the ancient name of the street that has been called Semita dei Cippi? The reference to a specific warehouses causes some surprise in a city full of horrea. The name must then refer to one or more warehouses of special significance. The building to the east of the cippi, partially excavated only, has been called Horrea, but only because of the cippi, not because of the architecture. The primary candidate are then the very large Great Horrea (II,IX,7), dating back to the period of Claudius. That building is however situated to the east of the northern extension of the road, on the other side of the Decumanus, today called Via dei Molini.

An alternative explanation has been developed on a separate page. The cippi may have flanked a passage to a little amphitheatre to the east, where criminals were executed. Through this passage their bodies would be dragged to the necropolis beyond the Laurentine Gate. We know that the local administration of Ostia did not have the authority to condemn people to death. For that, it had to turn tio Rome, and thus the presence of the Roman people would be explained. HOR could stand for horrida or horribilis: "Path of Horror".

Exedra I,XII,3 blocked the north end of the Semita dei Cippi from the middle of the fourth century onwards. In front of the House of the Jealous One (V,V,1) is a well made of rubble masonry and large fragments of amphorae. It may have been built in the later fifth century. The road was from now on obviously no longer used for the transport of goods.



Plan of the area. From SO I.

Photos



The northern part of Semita dei Cippi, seen from the south. Note the well on the street.
Photo: Klaus Heese.



The well on Semita dei Cippi, seen from the south-west.
Photo: Jan Theo Bakker.



The cippi seen from the south-west. Photo: Jan Theo Bakker.


The northern cippus. Photo: Jan Theo Bakker.


The southern cippus. Photo: Jan Theo Bakker.


[jthb - 8-May-2022]