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Regio I - Insula XVII - Oratorio Cristiano delle Terme del Mitra (I,XVII,2)
(Christian Oratory of the Baths of Mithras)

The statue of Mithras in the underground mithraeum in the Baths of Mithras was destroyed by Christians, and parts were thrown in a drain. Christians built an oratory or little church on top of the mithraeum, in the second half of the fourth or in the fifth century. The location is not a coincidence of course. An apse with two marble columns and simple capitals was erected in room G (opus vittatum). In the same room four small marble columns were found. They are square and 1.30 high. On two of them the Christian monogram has been preserved. In the sides are vertical grooves, in which a wooden or metal fence was inserted.

Nearby, on Via della Foce, fragments were found of the border of two curved tables or basins, most likely coming from the oratory (some more fragments are in Palazzo Antonelli in Rome). Parallels been found in the eastern half of the Empire. Their function is not known. One had depictions of 16 to 18 philosophers or apostles. Five have been preserved. The other was decorated with sea creatures.


Photos and drawings



The Christian structure seen from the south. Photo: Klaus Heese.


The Christian structure seen from the south. Photo: Klaus Heese.


Columns with the Christian monogram.
Photos: R. Calza 1965, figs. 50, 50a.



Border of a table, with philosophers or apostles.
Photo archive Ostia, neg. A793.



Original fragments and casts in the Palazzo Antonelli in Rome.
Photo: notizie.comuni-italiani.it.



Border of a table, with philosophers or apostles.
From Pani Ermini 1978, pl. 1.



Border of a table, with sea creatures.
From R. Calza 1965, p. 247 fig. 3.



Border of a table, with sea creatures.
From R. Calza 1965, p. 248.


[jthb - 28-Apr-2022]